| Staphylococcus nepalensis | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Firmicutes |
| Class: | Bacilli |
| Order: | Bacillales |
| Family: | Staphylococcaceae |
| Genus: | Staphylococcus Rosenbach 1884 |
| Species | |
|
Staphylococcus nepalensis |
|
Staphylococcus nepalensis is a Gram positive coccoid bacterium belonging to the genus Staphylococcus.
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This species was first isolated from the respiratory tract of goats in 2003.[1]
The bacteria are non motile, oxidase negative, catalase positive, Gram positive cocci, 1·1–1·6 micrometres in diameter, that occur singly, in pairs and in irregular clusters.
The G+C content of the type strain is 33 mol%
Colonies after 2 days on P agar are circular, low-convex, smooth, glossy, opaque white and 2–6 millimeters in diameter. Growth occurs aerobically and anaerobically in the presence of 0–7·5% sodium chloride (NaCl). The type strain grows well in the presence of 10% NaCl but growth is variable for other strains. No growth is observed in the presence of 15% NaCl. Growth occurs between 20 and 40°C: best growth occurs at 30°C. No growth is observed at 15 or 45°C.
Produces urease, alkaline phosphatase, pyrrolidonyl arylamidase, beta-galactosidase and beta-glucuronidase. Hydrolyses aesculin and Tween 80. Reduces nitrate to nitrite.
It is negative for clumping factor, coagulase, hyaluronidase, arginine dihydrolase, ornithine decarboxylase, acetoin, arginine arylamidase, alpha- and beta-haemolysins, heat-stable and heat-labile nucleases, indole, hydrogen sulphide and lecithinase.
It produces acid aerobically from D-glucose, D-fructose, D-mannose, maltose, lactose, trehalose, mannitol, sucrose, L-arabinose, N-acetylglucosamine, galactose, glycerol, erythritol, D-xylose, arbutin and salicin.
Acid is not formed aerobically from D-raffinose, ribose, D-cellobiose, D-arabinose, L-xylose, adonitol, methyl-D-xyloside, rhamnose, L-sorbose, dulcitol, starch, inositol, methyl-D-mannoside, methyl-D-glucoside, amygdalin, melibiose, melezitose, gentiobiose, glycogen, inulin, D-tagatose, D-lyxose, cellobiose, D-fucose, L-fucose, L-arabitol, gluconate, 2-ketogluconate or 5-ketogluconate.
Acid production from D-arabitol, sorbitol, turanose and xylitol is variable; the type strain is positive.
It is resistant to novobiocin, bacitracin, vibriostatic agent O/129, lysozyme, metronidazole and optochin.
It is susceptible to lysostaphin, furazolidone, ampicillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ceftiofur, cephalexin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, colistin sulphate, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, florfenicol, fosfomycin, fusidic acid, gentamicin, kanamycin, lincomycin, neomycin, nitrofurantoin, oxacillin, penicillin G, polymyxin B, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, tetracycline and vancomycin.
The quinone system consists of the major menaquinone MK-7 and minor amounts of MK-6 and MK-8. Predominant fatty acids are ai-C15 : 0, i-C15 : 0 and ai-C17 : 0, whilst i-C17 : 0, C18 : 0, C16 : 0, C20 : 0 and i-C19 : 0 are present in moderate amounts. Polar lipid profile consists of the major lipids diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and an unknown glycolipid.
This species has been isolated from dry cured ham.[2]
This species has been isolated from human urine but its pathologcial significance is not yet clear.[3]